I. Overview

%%{init: { 'theme': 'base', 'themeVariables': { 'edgeLabelBackground': '#fff' }}}%%
flowchart LR
    A["Blind Spot\n(Unknown Threat)"] -- "Visibility gained through behavior-log analysis" --> B["Breach Tracking\n(Visibility)"]
    style A fill:#f9f9f9,stroke:#333,stroke-width:3px
    style B fill:#e1f5fe,stroke:#01579b,stroke-width:3px

Definition: A security platform that continuously monitors and records activity occurring on an endpoint, such as processes, files, network connections, and registry changes, in order to detect and respond to unknown threats.

Features:
( Visibility ) Under the assumption that “the breach has already happened” ( Assume Breach ), records a full timeline of all activity on the endpoint
( Active Response ) When a threat is detected in real time, immediately isolates the endpoint and terminates the process to block the damage from spreading
( Threat Hunting ) Proactively traces potential attack traces by mapping activity against the MITRE ATT&CK framework

II. Mechanism & Components

flowchart TD
    ATK["Attack Attempt"] --> EPP["EPP\n(Antivirus / NGAV)\nBlocks known threats"]
    EPP -->|"Block failed\n(Unknown / Zero-day)"| EDR["EDR\nBehavior detection and analysis"]
    EDR -->|"Anomaly detected"| RS["Automated Response\nIsolate · terminate · delete"]
    EDR -->|"Threat intel sharing"| SOC["SOC / SIEM\nIntegrated analysis and hunting"]
    SOC -->|"Feedback"| EPP

EDR operates as the second layer behind an EPP (antivirus / NGAV), stepping in whenever a threat slips past initial prevention. Its core functions are as follows.

FunctionDescriptionSecurity Value
Continuous MonitoringCollects and records real-time event logsEnables timeline analysis of activity before and after an attack
Behavior-Based DetectionDetects unknown threats (zero-day) and anomalous behaviorBlocks signature-less, variant malware
Threat HuntingProactively traces potential threats via mapping to frameworks such as MITRE ATT&CKEnables proactive threat identification and closes security blind spots
Incident ResponseNetwork isolation, process termination, file deletion, and similar actionsPrevents damage from spreading and supports rapid recovery

III. Advanced Topics & Comparison

EPP vs. EDR: Core Comparison

Comparison ItemEPP (Endpoint Protection Platform)EDR (Endpoint Detection & Response)
Primary PurposeBlocking known attacks (Prevention)Detecting and responding to threats that have already penetrated (Detection)
Basis for JudgmentFile patterns (Signature), static analysisDynamic behavior and context analysis
Core Question“Is this file safe?”“Why is this process modifying this file?”
VisibilityLow (focused mainly on block/allow decisions)Very high (traces the attacker’s entry path)
RelationshipFirst line of defense (filtering)Second-layer visibility and response platform (tracing)

Key point: EPP and EDR are not competitors. Together they form a complementary, layered defense structure of primary prevention plus secondary detection and response.

Last updated 18 Aug 2026, 00:00 UTC. history